Workstations and Servers

Workstations

A season of work is a PC client which is used to run applications. A server is a computer that is running a NOS.

Most current operating systems include desktop networking capabilities and allows access to multiple users. Typical applications for the workstations under level or desktop may include word processing, spreadsheet and program financial management.

Workstations in high-level, applications can include design Chart or equipment management and more.

A workstation without disk is a kind special computer designed to run on a network . As its name indicates, it does not include monitor , keyboard , memory , starting instructions in ROM and a network card . The software used to establish a connection to the network is loaded from a ROM chip located on NIC .

Dedicated Servers

The systems of the servers must be equipped to allow simultaneous access by multiple users and multitasking, to the extent that customers apply the resources of remote server. These servers are generally configured to provide one or more services network using the family of protocols of the Internet , TCP / IP.

Servers running NOS also used to authenticate users and provide access to shared resources. Identification and authorization are performed by assigning an account name and password to each client . To achieve greater speed of execution, some systems have more than one CPU . Such systems are called multiprocessing systems.

As servers function as central repositories of vital resources for the operation of the client systems must be efficient and robust.

Redundancy is a feature-tolerant systems failures. These systems are designed to survive failures and be repaired without interruption while the systems are active and working.

The application and functions include web servers services using the protocol Hypertext Transfer Protocol ( HTTP ), the protocol transfer files ( FTP ) and the system of domain names ( DNS ). The standard email protocol used on the servers of the network protocols include Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), the Protocol Office of e-Version 3 (POP3) and Internet Protocol Message Access Protocol (IMAP) – Used for file sharing protocols include the Network File System from Sun Microsystems (NFS) and Server Message Block of Microsoft (SMB).

A server can also provide the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which automatically assigns the lP addresses to workstations.

Client-server relationship

The model of client-server computing distributes processing across multiple computers. In a client-server on the client and server share or distribute the processing responsibilities.

Any computer running TCP / IP either a workstation or a server is considered a host computer.

Local host computer where the user is working at that time.

Remote Host: a system that the user has access from another system.

The Internet is also a good example of a customer-provide a distributed processing.

In client-server computing, the storage of the database and its processing performs on the server. The customers should only generate and send the query to servers that require hardware additional software which substantially increase costs .

Introduction to NOS

The OS ( operating system ) of a computer software forms the foundation on which applications and services run on a workstation. Similarly, it  allows us to communicate between multiple devices and share resources across the network.

Network servers UNIX , Microsoft Windows NT or Windows Servers include a NOS.

A system capable of operating as a server NOS should be able to allow access to multiple users simultaneously. The main features to consider the selection of a performance NOS are the tools available to management and monitoring, security , scalability and robustness or tolerance to failures.

Performance

Must be able to maintain an agile performance under large loads of work , when many clients make requests simultaneously. A performance stable under high demand is an important standard for NOS.

Management and monitoring

The administration interface provides tools for the installation of new services and configuration.

Security

WE must protect a shared resource controls.

Scalability

Scalability is the ability of a NOS to grow without any degradation in Performance.

Strength / failure tolerance

The measurement of the robot is the ability to provide services efficiently under heavy loads and maintain these services at a failure if the components or processes .

Microsoft Servers

The Windows Servers provides a structure and domain will control access to users and the server resources.

The Windows Servers also includes an encryption system files to give Security to the data on the hard disk . The Windows. NET Server was developed on the core of Windows Server, but was modified to provide a safe and reliable servers web and FTP for business use and compete with the systems operating Linux and UNIX .

UNIX, Sun, HP and LINUX

On UNIX, their various forms, continues to cement its position as the first choice for applications in mission critical , crucial to the functioning of corporations or other organizations . UNIX is also tightly integrated with TCP / IP.

The Solaris operating environment from Sun Microsystems and its OS base, Sun OS, is a implementation of 64-bit UNIX, versatile and high performance. There have been improvements in the creation of Linux, which have changed that image .

Origins of Linux

In 1991, a Finnish student named Linus Torvalds began work on an operating system for computers with Intel 80386 processor. T. Ovalds set out to develop an operating system that was like UNIX in performance but use of a code of software was completely open and free to the user.

Currently there are versions of Linux that can run on almost any 32-bit processor, and even chips lntel 80386, Motorola 68000, Alpha and Power PC.

The following are some of the most popular versions of Linux:

• The Red Hat Linux distributed by Red Hat Software
• The OpenLinux, distributed by Caldera
• The Corel Linux Slackware Linux
• The Debian GNU / Linux
• Keep in mind that availability of software is to deploy Linux on Desktop
• Concept of service on servers

The NOS are designed to provide network processes to customers. It is important to understand that these network processes called “services” in Windows and daemons in UNIX and Linux. The deliberate Denial Attack Service (DoS), the virus of computer and fast internet worms distribution have forced developers to rethink the NOS network services must be enabled automatically.

A network printing service provides system administrators with the necessary tools to manage a large number of print jobs that are routed through the network.

File Sharing

Within a network or corporate home, usually files are shared by using Windows File Sharing or NFS protocol.

FTP

FTP services are offered to the public in conjunction with Web services. For example, a user can navigate a website, read and update software on a web page and then download the update via FTP.

Although customers must register with the FTP server, many FTP servers are configured to allow anonymous access. FTP is a session oriented protocol.

Web Services

Websites are sets of pages stored on a web server or group of servers. Customers seeking to establish TCP sessions with web hosting servers.